How to Calculate Loan-to-Value (LTV) in Singapore: A Step-by-Step Guide

Updated 5 Oct 2026 in Property & HDB

Shows the maximum bank loan and the minimum downpayment under MAS loan-to-value limits for loans up to 30 years (25 years for HDB flats).

Property is the largest purchase most Singaporeans make, and stamp duties, loan limits and cash requirements are front-loaded. Small mistakes in these figures can mean a shortfall at completion, so it pays to run the numbers before you commit to an option to purchase.

What you need

• Property price (S$)
• Housing loans you already have

Step by step

1. Enter the property price (S$).
2. Enter the housing loans you already have.
3. The results update as you type, or press Calculate.
4. Read the maximum bank loan first, then the supporting figures below it.

The formula

LTV is 75% for a first housing loan, 45% for a second and 35% for a third. At least 5% (first loan) or 25% (subsequent loans) must be paid in cash.

Worked example

For example, with these inputs:

• Property price (S$): 1,000,000
• Housing loans you already have: None

the calculator returns:

• Maximum bank loan: S$750,000.00
• Minimum downpayment: S$250,000.00
• Minimum cash portion: S$50,000.00

A second example

Now change the inputs to:

• Property price (S$): 1,250,000
• Housing loans you already have: None

the calculator returns:

• Maximum bank loan: S$937,500.00
• Minimum downpayment: S$312,500.00
• Minimum cash portion: S$62,500.00

Practical tips

• Stamp duty is based on the purchase price or market value, whichever is higher.
• Stamp duty must be paid within 14 days of signing, so have the cash ready before you exercise the option.
• A second housing loan drops the LTV limit sharply and raises the minimum cash downpayment to 25%.
• HDB loans are capped at 25 years and must be fully repaid by age 65.

Background

Stamp duties are paid upfront. Buyer's Stamp Duty applies to every purchase at tiered rates up to 6%, while ABSD depends on the buyer's residency status and how many residential properties they already own. Sellers who dispose of a property within the holding period pay Seller's Stamp Duty.

Beyond the price, buyers should budget for legal fees, valuation, home insurance, renovation and furnishing. Running the figures in advance helps you decide how much cash to hold back and whether a smaller loan or longer tenure makes more sense.

Singapore's property market is shaped by cooling measures introduced since 2009, including Additional Buyer's Stamp Duty, loan-to-value limits and debt servicing ratios. These rules are adjusted when the market runs hot, so the numbers you see today may differ from what friends paid a few years ago.

Related calculations

• Additional Buyer's Stamp Duty (ABSD) Calculator: Calculates ABSD by buyer profile and the number of residential properties owned, using the rates in force since 27 April 2023.
• Total Property Stamp Duty Calculator: Adds BSD and ABSD together so you know the full stamp duty bill before you sign an option to purchase.
• Seller's Stamp Duty (SSD) Calculator: Calculates SSD for residential property bought on or after 4 July 2025 and sold within four years.
• HDB Loan Calculator: Calculates monthly repayments on an HDB concessionary loan, which is pegged at 0.1% above the CPF Ordinary Account rate (2.6% a year).

Want to skip the arithmetic? The free Loan-to-Value (LTV) Calculator does all of this instantly and updates as you type.

Run your own numbers: Loan-to-Value (LTV) Calculator